I. Introduction to Bac Ha Green Rice (Cốm Bắc Hà)
1. Where is Bac Ha?
Located at nearly 1,000 meters above sea level, Bac Ha is a mountainous district of Lao Cai Province, known as the “White Plateau” thanks to the pure white plum blossoms that blanket the hills every spring. Beyond its breathtaking natural scenery, Bac Ha is also a cultural hub for ethnic minorities and a dream destination for travelers who seek authentic highland experiences.
Bac Ha lies about 65 km from Lao Cai City and 100 km from Sa Pa, featuring a cool climate all year round, peaceful atmosphere, green valleys, and poetic terraced rice fields that stretch along the mountain slopes.
2. Origin of Bac Ha Green Rice
Bac Ha green rice originates from the lush terraced fields of Bac Ha, where the mild climate and fertile soil are ideal for growing sticky rice. The local glutinous rice varieties give Bac Ha green rice its distinctive aroma and soft texture.
When the rice grains begin to ripen — plump and full of milk — locals harvest them for making green rice. Timing is essential: if harvested too early, the rice becomes mushy; if too late, it loses its elasticity and fragrance.
3. The Distinct Flavor of Bac Ha Green Rice
Bac Ha green rice carries the delicate aroma of young rice, a tender texture, and a mild, natural sweetness. It can be eaten fresh or used to prepare various dishes such as sticky rice with green rice (xôi cốm), green rice cakes (bánh cốm), sweet soup (chè cốm), or stir-fried green rice (cốm xào). The rice is often enjoyed with ripe bananas or grated coconut, enhancing its richness and signature nutty flavor.
II. How Bac Ha Green Rice is Made
The process of making Bac Ha green rice requires skill, patience, and precision. After harvesting, the rice is threshed and roasted over a cast-iron pan on medium heat. The roasting must be done carefully so that the grains are evenly cooked but not burnt. Once fragrant, the grains are cooled slightly and then pounded using a traditional stone mortar.
The pounding process is crucial — it must be done manually and rhythmically to loosen the husk without breaking the grain. The rice is then sifted several times to remove the husks, leaving soft, round, naturally green kernels that release the pure aroma of young rice.
III. Dishes Made from Bac Ha Green Rice
1. Green Rice Sticky Rice (Xôi Cốm)
The soft fragrance of Bac Ha sticky rice blended with pandan leaves creates a captivating aroma. The green hue of the rice contrasts beautifully with the yellow of mung beans and lotus seeds. Each bite offers a sweet, nutty flavor that reflects the essence of Bac Ha’s “White Plateau.”
2. Bac Ha Green Rice Sweet Soup (Chè Cốm)
This dessert combines the freshness of green rice with shredded coconut and a hint of pandan aroma. Its mild sweetness and chewy texture make it a refreshing treat, especially on cool autumn days in the Northwest.
3. Green Rice Yogurt (Sữa Chua Cốm Xanh)
A modern twist on a traditional ingredient — chewy green rice meets creamy yogurt, creating a dish that’s both healthy and delicious. The light sourness of yogurt perfectly complements the gentle sweetness of the rice.
4. Green Rice Square Cake (Bánh Chưng Cốm)
Similar to the traditional sticky rice cake, this version uses green rice instead of glutinous rice, giving it a deeper green color and a distinct aroma of young rice. The filling of pork and mung beans remains, but the taste becomes uniquely fragrant and tender.
5. Green Rice with Coconut (Cốm Dẹp Trộn Dừa)
This is a simple yet delightful snack combining Bac Ha green rice with shredded coconut. The soft, nutty, and lightly sweet flavor captures the essence of the northern highlands — humble yet unforgettable.
IV. Where to Buy Bac Ha Green Rice
1. Bac Ha Weekly Market
Held in the town center every Saturday and Sunday morning, this is the largest fair in Bac Ha, full of highland culture and local specialties — including Bac Ha green rice, which often sells out during the harvest season.
2. Bac Ha Cultural Market
This market also hosts the annual “Fragrance of the Highland Green Rice” Festival, usually held on September 23–24. Visitors can not only buy fresh green rice but also watch the traditional process of making it and join in culinary competitions featuring green rice dishes.
3. Specialty Shops in Lao Cai City
Bac Ha green rice is also available in specialty stores and tourism areas in Lao Cai City. Travelers can purchase directly or order in advance. For authenticity, it’s best to ask locals for recommendations to avoid imitation or low-quality products.
V. Tips for Choosing and Preserving Bac Ha Green Rice
To select high-quality Bac Ha green rice, look for light green grains, even size, and a gentle aroma of young rice. Avoid yellowish or overly dry grains — these may come from overripe rice or old batches.
Fresh green rice tastes best on the same day. To store it longer, wrap it in lotus or banana leaves to retain its fragrance, then place it in the refrigerator’s cool compartment. Avoid sealing it in plastic bags, which cause moisture and spoilage. For longer preservation, divide into portions, wrap in leaves, store in the freezer, and thaw naturally before eating.
